Exemplar Theory

WiSe 2012, Möbius (Seminar, 2 SWS), LSF/HIS #65448

M.Sc. Language Science and Technology
Magister Phonetik

Thu 14.15-15.45, C7.2/5.09

Entrance requirements

M.Sc.: Strongly recommended: Foundations of Language Science and Technology, and Speech Science.
Magister Hauptstudium

Course description

Exemplar Theory assumes that speech perception and production are closely linked to each other in a perception-production loop. All percepts of speech events are stored in memory as exemplars in a perceptual space. This space can be represented as a cognitive map comprising many dimensions, which encode the phonetic and phonological properties of the exemplars. Perceived realizations of speech events form clouds of exemplars on the map. These exemplar clouds represent the categories of a given language. Within each category the distribution of exemplars indicates the range of variation of the parameters which characterize the respective category. Exemplar models have recently been proposed for areas of (computational) linguistics other than phonetics, especially syntax, and this seminar will address such models as well.

Course credits

M.Sc.: 7 CP (presentation and paper) or 4 CP (presentation only)
Mag.: 8 SP (presentation and paper) or 4 SP (presentation only)
Active participation on a regular basis required.

Contact:
  Prof. Dr. Bernd Möbius
  Email
  C7.2/4.10
  0681/302-4500

Structure

Session Topic/Paper Presented by Slides etc.
25.10. Introduction
Paper assignments		 Möbius
01.11. (public holiday)
08.11. Exemplar Theory: ISC Model Möbius
15.11. Pierrehumbert (2001) Anjana slides
22.11. Johnson (1997, 2006) Ambika slides
29.11. Hintzman (1986) Melanie slides
06.12. Goldinger (1996, 1998) Andreas slides
13.12. Bybee (2006) Alina slides
20.12. Hay and Bresnan (2006) Danielle slides
10.01. Abbot-Smith and Tomasello (2006) Denis slides
17.01. Walsh et al. (2010)
24.01. Wade et al. (2010)
31.01. Bod (2006)
07.02. Varges and Mellish (2001)

Register for course credit by January 21, 2013.

References (primary)

Abbot-Smith, Kirsten, and Michael Tomasello. 2006. Exemplar-learning and schematization in a usage-based account of syntactic acquisition. The Linguistic Review 23:275-290. - pdf

Bod, Rens. 2006. Exemplar-based syntax: How to get productivity from examples. The Linguistic Review 23:291-320. - pdf

Bybee, Joan. 2006. From usage to grammar: The mind's response to repetition. Language 82(4):711-733. - pdf

Goldinger, Stephen D. 1996. Words and voices: Episodic traces in spoken word identification and recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 22, 1166-1183. - pdf

Goldinger, Stephen D. 1998. Echoes of echoes? An episodic theory of lexical access. Psychological Review 105:251-279. - pdf

Hay, Jennifer, and Joan Bresnan. 2006. Spoken syntax: The phonetics of giving a hand in New Zealand English. The Linguistic Review 23:321-349. - pdf

Hintzman, Douglas L. 1986. `schema abstraction' in a multiple-trace memory model. Psychological Review 93:328-338. - pdf

Johnson, Keith. 1997. Speech perception without speaker normalization: An exemplar model. In Keith Johnson and John W. Mullennix (eds.), Talker Variability in Speech Processing, 145-165. San Diego: Academic Press. - pdf

Johnson, Keith. 2006. Resonance in an exemplar-based lexicon: The emergence of social identity and phonology. Journal of Phonetics 34(4):485-499. - pdf

Pierrehumbert, Janet. 2001. Exemplar dynamics: Word frequency, lenition and contrast. In Joan Bybee and Paul Hopper (eds.), Frequency and the Emergence of Linguistic Structure, 137-157. Amsterdam: Benjamins. - pdf

Varges, Sebastian, and Chris Mellish. 2001. Instance-based natural language generation. In Proceedings of The Second Meeting of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (NAACL 2001) (Pittsburgh, PA), volume ??, p. ?? - pdf

Wade, Travis, Grzegorz Dogil, Hinrich Schütze, Michael Walsh, and Bernd Möbius (2010): "Syllable frequency effects in a context-sensitive segment production model". Journal of Phonetics 38 (2), 227-239. - pdf

Walsh, Michael, Bernd Möbius, Travis Wade, and Hinrich Schütze (2010): "Multilevel Exemplar Theory". Cognitive Science 34, 537-582. - pdf

References (supplementary)

Grossberg, Stephen. 2003. Resonant neural dynamics of speech perception. Journal of Phonetics 31:423-445. - pdf

Kruschke, John K. 1992. ALCOVE: An exemplar-based connectionist model of category learning. Psychological Review 99:22-44. - pdf

Kübler, Sandra. 2004. Memory-Based Parsing. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. - Google books

Lacerda, Francisco. 1995. The perceptual-magnet effect: An emergent consequence of exemplar-based phonetic memory. In Proceedings of the 13th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences (Stockholm), 2:140-147. - pdf

Nosofsky, Robert M. 1986. Attention, similarity, and the identification-categorization relationship. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 115:39-57. - pdf

Nosofsky, Robert M., and Roger D. Stanton. 2005. Speeded classification in a probabilistic category structure: Contrasting exemplar-retrieval, decision-boundary, and prototype models. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 31:608-629. - pdf

Nosofsky, Robert M., and Safa R. Zaki. 2002. Exemplar and prototype models revisited: Response strategies, selective attention, and stimulus generalization. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition 28:924-940. - pdf

Schweitzer, Antje, and Bernd Möbius. 2004. Exemplar-based production of prosody: Evidence from segment and syllable durations. In Speech Prosody 2004 (Nara, Japan), 459-462. - pdf

bm 11.1.2013