To Cause Or Not To Cause: Cross-Lingual Semantic Matching for Paraphrase Modelling We presenta manual pilot study in cross-linguistic analysis at the predicate-argument level. Looking at instances of a cross-POS translation pair, we find that even though predicate-argument structure abstracts from morphosyntactic language idiosyncrasies, there is still considerable variation in the distribution of semantic material to predicates. We propose an algorithm for automatically identifying matching groups of predicate-argument structures (frame paraphrases). The resulting data allows an analysis of semantic differences e.g.\ in the expression of different degrees of causality.